Advance in agriculture in 19th Century

Advance in agriculture in 19th Century

• Mitscherlich (1909) proposed the “Law of diminishing returns” that increase in growth with each successive addition of the limiting element is progressively smaller and the responsive is curvilinear. 

• Wilcox (1929) proposed “Inverse yield-nitrogen law”. It states that the power of growth or the yielding ability of any crop plant is inversely proportional to the mean nitrogen content in the dry matter.

• Macy (1936) proposed the theory of “ Macy - Poverty Adjustment”. It states that a relationship exist between sufficiency of a nutrient and its percentage content in plant. 

• According to him there is a critical percentage of each nutrient in each kind of plant. Above that point, there is luxury consumption and below that point there is poverty adjustment. This poverty adjustment is proportional to the deficiency until a minim.

Development of Scientific Agriculture in India

•  1928:Royal Commission was appointed who’s Vice Roy was Lord Irwin and Chairman was Lord Linlithgo.
•  This commission took survey of Indian agriculture and village economics problems and prepared a report and gave their recommendations to the Government.
•  The Government of India established Indian Council of Agricultural Research at New Delhi (ICAR), to coordinate the work of agricultural research in this country. 
• Real development in Indian Agriculture took place after 1947 when India got independence, with the execution of FIVE YEAR PLAN in 1951. 
• ICAR had also started research institutes of its own in different centers in india for various crops.
• AICRIP All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Projects.
• ICAR is the sole body which controls all the Agricultural Research Institutes in India. It paved way for green revolution in India. After 1947, ICAR totally adapted to Land Grant Colleges.
• 1962: Agricultural University was started at Pantnagar (UP) on Land Grant Pattern. It is the first university with 16000 acres of land.
• 1965-67: Green Revolution in India due to introduction of HYV - Wheat, Rice, Use of Fertilizers, construction of Dams and use of pesticides. Greem revolution took in wheat first, next in rice after the invention of Indo-Japanica varieties.

• 1972: Gujarat Agricultural University was established at Sardar Krushinagar 
• 2004: Gujarat Agricultural University dived into four agricutural universities at Navsari, Anand, Jundagdh and Sardarkrushinagar(Dantiwada).

• There are 28 state agricultural universities with research institutes on its own resources.

• Today, agricultural research is multi-dimensional. It includes tissue culture, biotechnology besides breeding, crop production and crop protection.

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