AGRICULTURE INDIA (1) vedic civilization (2)Pastoralism

Vedic civilization

• The word “Veda” is derived from “Vad” which means “Knowledge” Veda is the only literary source from which we know about the Aryans in India.
•  Aryans were more prevalent during vedic time which extends from  Affhanistan, Kashmir, Punjab and parts of Sind and Rajasthan. 
• The land of Arayans are called land of seven rivers i.e., (Satla,Beas, Ravi, Chennab, Jhelun, Indus and Saraswathi). 
• The Rig-veda was the oldest book of Aryans.

Pastoralism

• The vedic Aryans were primarly pastrol. Whene they settled in the Punjab, they cut the jungles and built their villages. They grazed the animals in jungles and cultivated barley nearest to houses to prtect from wild animals.
• Vedic people realized the importance of off-season ploughing and they started ploughing as and when the rain was received.
• Bullocks and ox were used for ploughing. 
• With regard to irrigation, channels were formed the rivers. 
• Wells were in use for supply of drinking water and irrigation. 
• There were kucha wells, which were just holes dug in the ground. Even now such wells are in use in northern India.