INDIAN AGRICULTURE HISTORY -Indus Civilization (3250 BC – 2750 BC)

HISTORY

  Indus Civilization

• In the year 1992, archaeologists dug up a few places in the Indus vally and carried out excavation at Mohenjodara (meaning a mound of dead) in sind (in Pakistan) and Harappa on the river Ravi in Punjab. They found traces of a very ancient civilization, which flourished more than five thousand years ago. 
• They observed that the people utilized the pots, utensils and ornaments. These cities were built along the river Indus and hence this civilization is known as Indus valley civilization it is also known as Harappa culture and occupied the area stretching from Delhi to Gujarat.

Indus Civilization

• During this period the people identified the importance of ploughing for the proper sowing of crop (i.e.). 
• Soil has to be stirred and seed has to be covered. 
• Ox-drawn wheel cart was used for transport. 
• The people cultivated wheat, barely, gram, peas, sesamum and rape. 
• They also cultivated cotton and also devised method of ginning spinning and weaving.
• Animal husbundry was also given more importance during this period.
• They domesticated buffalow, camel, horse, elephant, ass and birds. 
• They utilized them in agriculture and also for transport.
• The most remarkable discovery in Harappa is the Great Granary used for storing food grain.  
• The Government in kind, used the granary for payments to employees of various kinds.